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潛水電泵是深井提水的主要設(shè)備。運(yùn)用時(shí)整個(gè)機(jī)組潛入水中作業(yè)。把地下水獲取到地表，是日子用水、礦山搶險(xiǎn)、工業(yè)冷卻、農(nóng)田灌溉、海水潛水泵提高、輪船調(diào)載，還可用于噴泉景象，熱水潛水泵用于溫泉洗浴，還可適用于從深井中獲取地下水，也可用于河流、水庫(kù)、水渠等提水工程。主要用于農(nóng)田灌溉及高山區(qū)人畜用水，亦可供空調(diào)冷卻、熱泵機(jī)組、冷泵自吸泵機(jī)組、城市、工廠、鐵路、礦山、工地排水運(yùn)用。通常流量可以到達(dá)(10立方米~650立方米)每小時(shí)、揚(yáng)程可到達(dá)1500米。那么，潛水電泵運(yùn)用中有哪些注意事項(xiàng)？

1、不能接地

潛水泵采納維護(hù)接地是國(guó)家強(qiáng)管道離心泵制性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的請(qǐng)求。只需采納維護(hù)接地，才干保證運(yùn)用時(shí)的人身安全。假如沒(méi)有維護(hù)接地，一旦外殼漏電，就構(gòu)成潛水泵出水口處的水及抽水的水面帶電，危及人畜安全，同時(shí)大量電能。若將潛水泵的金屬外殼與契合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的接地體(接地電阻不大于4Ω)接地銜接，當(dāng)潛水泵外殼漏電時(shí)，電流經(jīng)潛水泵金屬外殼、維護(hù)接地線、接地體、大地、變壓器的作業(yè)接地線和電源構(gòu)成一個(gè)閉合回路，當(dāng)漏電流過(guò)大時(shí)，特別是前方碰殼時(shí)，就能使?jié)撍玫木S護(hù)裝置動(dòng)作(熔斷器熔斷或空氣開關(guān)跳閘)，堵截漏電潛水泵的電源。

2、不裝置漏電維護(hù)器

潛水泵作業(yè)在水中，容易漏電構(gòu)成電能丟失乃至引起觸電事端。假如裝有漏電維護(hù)器，只需潛水泵漏電值超越漏電維護(hù)器的動(dòng)作電流值(通常不超越30mA)，漏電維護(hù)器就會(huì)堵截潛水泵的電源。

3、電源電壓反常時(shí)開機(jī)

電壓過(guò)高和過(guò)低都會(huì)使?jié)撍脺厣^(guò)高，縮短運(yùn)用壽命乃至焚毀潛水泵。鄉(xiāng)村由于低壓供電線路比較長(zhǎng)，線路末端電壓過(guò)低、始端電壓過(guò)高是常有的事。因而，在運(yùn)用潛水泵的過(guò)程中，操作者有必要隨時(shí)調(diào)查電源電壓值，若低于額外電壓10%以下，高于額外電壓10%以上，或電流大于潛水泵額外電流的20%時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)即停機(jī)，并防止電源電壓反常時(shí)開機(jī)。

4、電機(jī)反方向旋轉(zhuǎn)

如今有很多類型的潛水泵正轉(zhuǎn)和回轉(zhuǎn)皆可出水，但回轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)出水量小、電流大，回轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)刻長(zhǎng)了會(huì)損壞電機(jī)繞組。因而，潛水電泵入水前應(yīng)先接電源查看旋轉(zhuǎn)方向是不是準(zhǔn)確。若三相潛水泵葉輪倒轉(zhuǎn)，應(yīng)當(dāng)即停機(jī)，互換電纜中三相芯線中任意兩相的接線即可。

5、長(zhǎng)時(shí)刻超負(fù)荷作業(yè)

為防止?jié)撍姳瞄L(zhǎng)時(shí)刻超負(fù)荷作業(yè)，不要把低揚(yáng)程泵用于高揚(yáng)程作業(yè)，不要抽含沙量大(重泥漿)的水，并隨時(shí)調(diào)查電流值是不是在規(guī)則的范圍內(nèi)。若發(fā)現(xiàn)電流過(guò)大，應(yīng)停機(jī)查看。另外，潛水泵以水為冷卻源，因而，潛水泵脫水運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的時(shí)刻不宜過(guò)長(zhǎng)。

6、頻頻開關(guān)

潛水泵不宜過(guò)于頻頻發(fā)動(dòng)，這是由于潛水泵停轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生回流，若當(dāng)即開機(jī)，會(huì)使電機(jī)負(fù)載發(fā)動(dòng)，致使發(fā)動(dòng)電流過(guò)大。因而，停機(jī)后要等管內(nèi)的存水回流結(jié)束才干再次發(fā)動(dòng)，通常需求間隔5min擺布。

7、在淤泥環(huán)境中運(yùn)用

潛水泵在運(yùn)用時(shí)假如沉入泥中，會(huì)致使散熱不良而燒壞電機(jī)繞組。因而，潛水泵必定不能在淤泥環(huán)境中運(yùn)用。為防止?jié)撍贸寥胗倌嘀?，?yīng)在潛水泵下水前鏟除其作業(yè)環(huán)境內(nèi)淤泥，有條件時(shí)還應(yīng)選用柵門護(hù)罩把潛水泵罩住，以防止廢棄物堵住進(jìn)水柵門，致使電機(jī)發(fā)熱、出水不暢。

8、停用后長(zhǎng)時(shí)刻放在水中不論不問(wèn)

潛水泵假如下井后不接連運(yùn)用，時(shí)刻長(zhǎng)了會(huì)銹蝕，致使不能發(fā)動(dòng)。因而，停用的潛水泵切忌放在水中不論不問(wèn)，應(yīng)每周開機(jī)一次，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)5～10min。長(zhǎng)時(shí)刻不用時(shí)，佳不長(zhǎng)時(shí)刻浸泡在水中，應(yīng)放在清水中通電運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)幾分鐘，清潔泵表里泥漿，然后提出水面擦干，進(jìn)行一次大查看，拆開一切部件進(jìn)行維修、擦拭、除銹去垢，對(duì)易損件進(jìn)行替換，再重新裝配好，涂漆防銹后放在枯燥、無(wú)腐蝕性氣體的庫(kù)房?jī)?nèi)。

Submersible pump is the main equipment for deep well water lifting. During operation, the whole unit is submerged for operation. It can be used for daily water use, mine rescue, industrial cooling, farmlａnd irrigation, sea water submersible pump improvement, ship load adjustment, fountain scene, hot water submersible pump for hot spring bathing, deep well groundwater, river flow, reservoir, canal and other water lifting projects. It is mainly used for farmlａnd irrigation and water for human and livestock in high mountain areas. It can also be used for central air conditioning cooling, heat pump unit, cold pump self-priming pump unit, city, factory, railway, mine and site drainage. Generally, the flow can reach (10-650 cubic meters) per hour, and the lift can reach 1500 meters. So, what are the precautions in the use of submersible pump?

1. Ungrounded

The adoption of maintenance grounding for submersible pump is the request of national strong pipeline centrifugal pump system standard. Only adopt the maintenance grounding, can guarantee the personal safety when using. If there is no maintenance grounding, once the shell leaks electricity, the water at the outlet of the submersible pump and the water surface for pumping are electrified, endangering the safety of people and animals, and wasting a lot of electric energy at the same time. If the metal shell of the submersible pump is connected to the grounding body (the grounding resistance is not more than 4 Ω) that conforms to the national standard, when the shell of the submersible pump leaks, the current will form a closed circuit through the metal shell of the submersible pump, the maintenance grounding wire, the grounding body, the earth, the operation grounding wire of the transformer and the power supply. When the leakage current is too large, especially when the front touches the shell, the maintenance of the submersible pump can be made The device acts (fuse is blown or air switch is tripped), blocking the power supply of leakage submersible pump.

2. No leakage protector

When the submersible pump works in the water, it is easy to leak electricity, resulting in the loss of electric energy and even the cause of electric shock. If a leakage protector is installed, the leakage value of the submersible pump only needs to exceed the action current value of the leakage protector (usually no more than 30mA), and the leakage protector will block the power supply of the submersible pump.

3. Power on when power supply voltage is abnormal

Too high and too low voltage will make the temperature of the submersible pump rise too high, shorten the service life and even burn the submersible pump. Due to the long low-voltage power supply lines in rural areas, it is common that the terminal voltage is too low and the starting voltage is too high. Therefore, in the process of using the submersible pump, it is necessary for the operator to investigate the voltage value of the power supply at any time. If the voltage is less than 10% of the extra voltage, more than 10% of the extra voltage, or the current is more than 20% of the extra current of the submersible pump, the operator should immediately stop the machine and prevent the machine from starting when the voltage of the power supply is abnormal.

4. Reverse rotation of motor

Nowadays, there are many types of submersible pumps that can produce water in both forward rotation and rotation, but when rotating, the water output is small, the current is large, and the motor winding will be damaged if the rotation time is long. Therefore, the submersible pump should be connected to the power supply before entering the water to check whether the rotation direction is accurate. If the impeller of the three-phase submersible pump turns upside down, it shall be shut down immediately, and the wiring of any two phases in the three-phase core wire in the cable can be exchanged.

5. Long time overload operation

In order to prevent the long-term overload operation of the submersible pump, do not use the low head pump for the high head operation, do not pump the water with large sediment content (heavy mud), and investigate whether the current value is within the regular range at any time. If the current is found to be too large, stop the machine and check. In addition, the submersible pump uses water as the cooling source, so the dewatering operation time of the submersible pump should not be too long.

6. Frequency switch

The submersible pump should not be started too frequently, because there will be backflow when the submersible pump stops running. If it is started immediately, the motor will be started with load, resulting in excessive starting current. Therefore, it is necessary to wait for the return of the water in the pipe to start again after the shutdown, usually at an interval of 5min.

7. Application in silt environment

If the submersible pump sinks into the mud, it will cause poor heat dissipation and burn out the motor winding. Therefore, the submersible pump must not be used in the silt environment. In order to prevent the submersible pump from sinking into the sludge, the sludge in its working environment shall be removed before the submersible pump is launched. If possible, the gate shield shall be used to cover the submersible pump to prevent the waste from blocking the water inlet gate, resulting in the motor heating and the water flow is not smooth.

8. Put it in the water for a long time after it is stopped

If the submersible pump is not continuously used after running into the well, it will rust for a long time, resulting in failure to start. Therefore, it is forbidden to put the stopped submersible pump in the water regardless of whether it is not asked. It should be started once a week and operated for 5-10min. When it is not used for a long time, it is best to immerse it in water for a short time. Put it in clean water and power on for a few minutes, clean the mud in the pump meter, then put forward the water surface to dry, conduct a big inspection, dismantle all parts for maintenance, wiping, rust removal and scaling, replace vulnerable parts, reassemble them, and put them in dry and non corrosive gas warehouse after painting and rust prevention.

Author: Li caiyoudao plus

Link: /p/ab75c949bc44

Source: Jianshu

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