主要功能

• 可測熒光誘導曲線并進行淬滅分析

• 可測光響應曲線和快速光曲線（RLC）

• 可測量水樣的下列光合指標活性：

•        光合效率和光合速率（相對電子傳遞速率）

•        藻類的潛在光合效率（“生長潛能”）

•        藻類的光保護能力

• 藻類耐受強光的能力

• 51 個內置模式菜單，方便參數(shù)設置和標準測量

• 系統(tǒng) I 用于浮游植物研究，系統(tǒng) II 用于大型藻類研究，系統(tǒng) III 用于連續(xù)監(jiān)測水體光合作用

測量參數(shù)

Fo, Fm, Fv/Fm, F, Fm’, Fo’, Y(II) 即 ΔF/Fm’, qP, qN, NPQ, ETR 和 PAR 等

應用領域

測量野外自然水樣或實驗室培養(yǎng)的微藻樣品的光合作用，三套系統(tǒng)可供選擇，可應用于水生生物學、水域生態(tài)學、海洋學、湖沼學等領域，檢測限達 0.1 μgChl/L?？捎糜谟泻υ迦A的早期預警。與 PHYTO-PAM 的區(qū)別在于，WATER-PAM 不能進行浮游植物分類。

主要技術參數(shù)

• 測量光：3 個波長為 650 nm 的 LED 陣列。

• 光化光：12 個波長為 660 nm 的 LED 陣列，連續(xù)光強 2000 μmol m^-2 s^-1。

• 飽和脈沖：12 個波長為 660 nm 的 LED 陣列，閃光強度 4000 μmol m^-2 s^-1。

• 遠紅光源：3 個波長為 740 nm 的 LED 陣列。

• 信號檢測：光電倍增管檢測器（H6779-01，Hamamatsu），過載保護功能，檢測信號 λ > 710 nm。

• 數(shù)據(jù)存儲：CMOS RAM 128 KB，可存儲4000組數(shù)據(jù)。

選購指南

系統(tǒng) I（主機 PAM-Control 和激發(fā)-檢測單元 WATER-ED）， 適合現(xiàn)場采水樣測量或室內微藻測量
系統(tǒng)II 激發(fā)-檢測單元 WATER-EDF1.5， 適合大型海藻、附著藻類、水生植物等的測量	系統(tǒng)III 激發(fā)-檢測單元 WATER-FT， 適合隨船走航測量

三套系統(tǒng)的組成比較

系統(tǒng)組成
系統(tǒng)I 浮游植物版			系統(tǒng)II 附著藻類/大型藻類版			系統(tǒng)III 連續(xù)監(jiān)測版
野外現(xiàn)場或室內測量，樣品為水樣或藻液			野外現(xiàn)場或室內測量，樣品為大型海藻、附著藻類、水生植物、苔蘚、地衣、植物葉片等			野外現(xiàn)場或室內測量，需要抽水上來，連續(xù)監(jiān)測光合活性
可選附件 1：攪拌器，對于易發(fā)生沉降或上浮的樣品非常重要			可選附件 1：平面狀微型光量子探頭，用于測量樣品接收到的光強
可選附件 2：球狀微型光量子探頭，可放入系統(tǒng) I 的樣品杯中測量 PAR，也可放入水面下測量水體光場			可選附件 2：手持式多功能 PAR 輻射儀，用于連接平面狀微型光量子探頭后，進行獨立的光強測量
可選附件 3：手持式多功能 PAR 輻射儀，用于連接球狀微型光量子探頭后，進行獨立的光強測量

產(chǎn)地：德國 WALZ

參考文獻

數(shù)據(jù)來源：光合作用文獻 Endnote 數(shù)據(jù)庫，更新至 2016 年 9 月，文獻數(shù)量超過 6000 篇

原始數(shù)據(jù)來源：Google Scholar

Boelen, P., et al. (2016). "Growth phase significantly decreases the DHA-to-EPA ratio in marine microalgae." Aquaculture International: 1-11.

Chi, L., et al. (2016). "Coordinated regulation of nitrogen supply mode and initial cell density for energy storage compounds production with economized nitrogen utilization in a marine microalga Isochrysis zhangjiangensis." Bioresource Technology 200: 598-605.

Cooney, E. C. (2016). "The Effect of High-Intensity Visible Light on the Bloom Niches of the Phototrophic Dinoflagellates Alexandrium fundyense and Heterocapsa rotundata."

Gardner, S. G., et al. (2016). Dimethylsulfoniopropionate, superoxide dismutase and glutathione as stress response indicators in three corals under short-term hyposalinity stress. Proc. R. Soc. B, The Royal Society.

Hu, H., et al. (2016). "Effects of artificial sweeteners on metal bioconcentration and toxicity on a green algae Scenedesmus obliquus." Chemosphere 150: 285-293.

Jiang, Y., et al. (2016). "Towards elucidation of the toxic mechanism of copper on the model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii." Ecotoxicology: 1-9.

Jin, J., et al. (2016). "Extracellular hydrocarbon and intracellular lipid accumulation are related to nutrient-sufficient conditions in pH-controlled chemostat cultures of the microalga Botryococcus braunii SAG 30.81." Algal Research 17: 244-252.

Kang, E. J., et al. (2016). "Adaptations of a green tide forming Ulva linza (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) to selected salinity and nutrients conditions mimicking representative environments in the Yellow Sea." Phycologia 55(2): 210-218.

Li, T., et al. (2016). "Effects of laser irradiation on a bloom forming cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa." Environmental Science and Pollution Research: 1-10.

Maat, D. S., et al. (2016). "Increasing P limitation and viral infection impact lipid remodeling of the picophytoplankter Micromonas pusilla." Biogeosciences 13(5): 1667-1676.

Maat, D. S., et al. (2016). "Virus production in phosphorus limited Micromonas pusilla stimulated by a supply of naturally low concentrations of different phosphorus sources, far into the lytic cycle." FEMS microbiology ecology.

Martyniuk, N., et al. (2016). "Forest Structure Affects the Stoichiometry of Periphyton Primary Producers in Mountain Streams of Northern Patagonia." Ecosystems: 1-15.

Navarro, N. P., et al. (2016). "Stress tolerance of Antarctic macroalgae in the early life stages." Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 89(1): 1-9.

Pan, Y., et al. (2016). "The utilization of natural soda resource of Ordos in the c*tion of Nannochloropsis oceanica." Bioresource Technology 200: 548-556.

Peng, G., et al. (2016). "Photosynthetic response to nitrogen source and different ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus in toxic cyanobacteria, Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-905." Journal of Limnology.

Rantalankila, M., et al. (2016). "Inactivation of Asterionellopsis glacialis in seawater using combinations of deep ultraviolet light emitting diodes." Separation and Purification Technology.

Ritchie, R. J. and N. Mekjinda (2016). "Arsenic toxicity in the water weed Wolffia arrhiza measured using Pulse Amplitude Modulation Fluorometry (PAM) measurements of photosynthesis." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 132: 178-185.

Slagter, H. A., et al. (2016). "Phytoplankton Virus Production Negatively Affected by Iron Limitation." Frontiers in Marine Science 3(156).

Strauch, S. M., et al. (2016). "Delayed fluorescence, steady state fluorescence, photosystem II quantum yield as endpoints for toxicity evaluation of Cu2+ and Ag+." Environmental and Experimental Botany 130: 174-180.

Tripp, L. (2016). "The effects of seawater scrubber effluent on marine microbial communities."

Vadiveloo, A., et al. (2016). "Photosynthetic performance of two Nannochloropsis spp. under different filtered light spectra." Algal Research 19: 168-177.

Wu, J., et al. (2016). "Biological mechanisms associated with triazophos (TAP) removal by horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSFCW)." Science of The Total Environment 553: 13-19.

Wu, S., et al. (2016). "Regulatory mechanisms of oxidative species and phytohormones in marine microalgae Isochrysis zhangjiangensis under nitrogen deficiency." Algal Research 17: 321-329.

Xu, X., et al. (2016). "Ocean warming alters photosynthetic responses of diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum to fluctuating irradiance."

Zhang, H., et al. (2016). "Spectroscopic probe to contribution of physicochemical transformations in the toxicity of aged ZnO NPs to Chlorella vulgaris: new insight into the variation of toxicity of ZnO NPs under aging process." Nanotoxicology: 1-33.

Zhang, J., et al. (2016). "Toxic effects of 1,4-dichlorobenzene on photosynthesis in Chlorella pyrenoidosa." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 188(9): 1-10.

Zhang, Y., et al. (2016). "Free amino acids and small molecular acids profiling of marine microalga Isochrysis zhangjiangensis under nitrogen deficiency." Algal Research 13: 207-217.